Master the spanish word «por»

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Learning how to use «por» in Spanish can be tricky because it has many different meanings—much like the English words «for,» «by,» «through,» «because of,» and more. But don’t worry! In this post, I’ll break down each use of «por» with clear explanations. 

 

1- Expressing Cause or Reason («Because of,» «Due to»)

«Por» often explains why something happens.

Examples:
Llegué tarde por el tráfico. (I arrived late because of the traffic.)

Lo hizo por amor. (He did it out of love.)

Gracias por la ayuda. (Thanks for the help.)

 

Common Phrases:

Por eso (that’s why).
→ No estudié, por eso reprobé. (I didn’t study, that’s why I failed.)

Por mi culpa (because of me)
→ Perdieron el vuelo por mi culpa. (They missed the flight because of me.)

 

2- Talking About Duration or Time («For,» «During»)

When describing how long something lasts, use «por.»

Examples:
Estudié por dos horas. (I studied for two hours.)

Viví en México por un año. (I lived in Mexico for a year.)

⚠️ Note: For a specific time period (e.g., «since Monday»), we use «desde».

 

3- Using «Por» to indicate movement or position through something («Through», «by»)

Another important use of «por» is to indicate movement or position through something, similar to the English word «through» or «by».

 

Examples:
Caminamos por el parque. (We walked through the park)

Pasé por tu casa ayer. (I stopped by your house yesterday)

Voy por la calle principal. (I’m going down the main street)

Ella estaba mirando por la ventana. (She was looking through the window)

La luz entra por la puerta. (The light comes in through the door)

 

Common Verbs Used with «Por» (Through):

mirar por (to look through); pasar por (to pass through); entrar por (to enter through); salir por (to exit through); navegar por (to navigate through).

 

Common Phrases:
por aquí / por allá (around here / around there)
→ El restaurante está por aquí. (The restaurant is around here)

 

4- Exchanges & Substitutions («For,» «In exchange for»)

Use «por» when trading, buying, or replacing something.

 

Examples:

Pagué 20 dólares por el libro. (Ipaid 20 dollars for the book)

Te cambio mi sandwich por tu ensalada. (I’ll trade my sandwich for your salad.)

Lo hice por ti. (I did it for you.)

 

5- Means or Method («By,» «Via,» «Through»)

«Por» explains how something happens—communication, transportation, etc.

Examples:
Hablamos por teléfono. (We talked by phone)

Lo envié por correo.(I sent it by mail)

Viajamos por avión. (We traveled by plane)

 

Common Phrases:

por email / WhatsApp (via email / WhatsApp)

 

6- Passive Voice («By»)

In passive sentences, «por» introduces the doer of the action.

Examples:
El libro fue escrito por García Márquez. (The book was written by García Márquez)

La canción fue cantada por Shakira. (The song was sung by Shakira)

 

7- Idiomatic Expressions with «Por»

Many common phrases use «por» in fixed ways:

  • Por favor. (please)
  • Por supuesto. (of course)
  • Por ahora. (for now)
  • Por fin. (finally)
  • Por lo menos. (at least)
  • Por ejemplo. (for example)

 

8- Use «Por» for Frequency ( «per», «a»)

One of the most practical uses of «por» in Spanish is to express how often something happens—like saying «per» or «a» in English when talking about frequency.

Examples:
Voy al gimnasio dos veces por semana. (I go to the gym twice a week)

Llamo a mis padres tres veces por mes. (I call my parents three times a month)

Tomo clases de español una vez por día. (I take Spanish classes once a day)

 

Common Time Units:

por día (per day); por semana (per week); por mes (per month); por año (per year).

 

9- Using «Por» for Prices 

One of the most common uses of «por» in Spanish is to indicate the price paid for something—equivalent to «for» in English when talking about cost.

Examples:
Compré este libro por 2 dólares. (I bought this book for $2.)

Vendí mi bicicleta por 100 euros. (I sold my bike for 100 euros.)

¿Me das este anillo por 50 pesos? (Will you give me this ring for 50 pesos?)

 

Common Verbs Used with «Por» for Prices:

comprar (to buy); vender (to sell); pagar (to pay); cambiar (to exchange/trade).

 

Quick Quiz: Fill in the Blanks with «Por» or «Para»

(Remember: «para» is used for purpose/destination, while «por» is more general!)

Compré flores ___ mi madre. (I bought flowers for my mom)

Estudié ___ tres horas. (I studied for three hours)

Salimos ___ la noche. (We went out at night)

Fue escrito ___ Cervantes. (It was written by Cervantes)

 

Now you’re ready to use «por» like a pro! ¿Tienes dudas? ¡Pregunta por aquí! (Any questions? Ask here!)

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