If you’ve been exploring ways to learn a new language, you’ve probably come across advice like, “Learn like a baby!” or “Babies don’t study grammar, so why should you?” It’s an attractive idea, isn’t it? The thought that you can acquire a language as effortlessly as a child seems appealing. However, as a seasoned Spanish teacher with years of experience, I can confidently tell you that this approach is not as effective as it sounds. Here’s why.
You’re Not a Baby
The idea of learning a language like a baby often hinges on the observation that children seem to acquire language without conscious effort. But the key difference is: you’re not a baby. Babies are in a unique phase of brain development that adults simply aren’t. Their brains are wired for language acquisition in ways that make the process seem effortless. From birth to about age seven, children are in what scientists call a critical period, where their brains are like sponges, primed to soak up language in their environment.
As an adult, your brain has developed in other ways. You now have a fully developed prefrontal cortex, which gives you better problem-solving and analytical skills, but this comes at a cost: your brain is no longer wired to acquire languages the same way a baby’s brain is.
The Science of Adult Language Learning
When babies learn a language, they’re exposed to it 24/7 for several years before they even start forming sentences. They have the time and the environment that allows them to absorb language naturally. Adults, on the other hand, don’t have that luxury. You likely don’t have the ability to immerse yourself in your target language for years on end without using your native language. Plus, your brain’s plasticity has decreased, which means you don’t pick up on new sounds, structures, and vocabulary as naturally as a child would.
That’s why as an adult, you need different strategies. You have to be more deliberate about learning. While it’s true that immersion can be helpful, you also need structured learning, and that includes studying grammar, vocabulary, and sentence structure.
The Importance of Grammar and Formal Study
This brings us to a point that many people overlook when they suggest learning like a baby: grammar matters, especially for adults. Children acquire grammar naturally over time because they’re constantly exposed to language in context. But adults learn more effectively when they can explicitly understand the rules that govern the language. For example, understanding the difference between the preterite and imperfect tenses in Spanish is not something you’re likely to grasp just by immersion. You’ll need to study the rules, practice using them, and then reinforce that learning in conversation.
Formal study gives you a framework. It helps you understand the “why” behind the language, which in turn helps you build confidence and use the language more effectively. You wouldn’t try to build a house without a blueprint; similarly, you shouldn’t try to learn a language without understanding its structure.
Why You Learn Differently as an Adult
Another key difference between children and adults is the way we learn. As adults, we bring life experience, context, and an ability to think critically to the table. This can actually be a huge advantage! While children may have an easier time picking up accents or absorbing language through play, adults can draw on their understanding of grammar from their first language, recognize patterns, and make connections that help accelerate learning.
In fact, research shows that adults are often better at learning grammar rules than children are because they can think more abstractly. You’re able to understand concepts like verb conjugation, sentence structure, and vocabulary nuances that would take children years to absorb. So, rather than trying to mimic the passive learning style of a baby, adults should embrace their strengths—like problem-solving and critical thinking.
Effective Adult Learning Strategies
So what should you do instead of trying to “learn like a baby”? Here are some effective strategies for adult language learners:
1- Study Grammar: Embrace it! Understanding grammar gives you tools to construct sentences and communicate more effectively.
2- Use Real-Life Context: While formal study is crucial, try to expose yourself to the language in real-world contexts as much as possible. Watching TV shows, or listening to podcasts, are great ways to reinforce what you’ve learned.
3- Be Patient: Remember, children take years to master a language. You’re not going to be fluent overnight, and that’s okay! Consistency is key.
4- Leverage Your Strengths: Use your ability to reason and think critically to recognize patterns, make connections, and accelerate your learning.
In the end, the idea of learning a language like a baby might sound appealing, but it overlooks the fundamental differences between how children and adults learn.
So, don’t fall into the trap of thinking you can bypass grammar or structured learning. Embrace the process, study smart, and take advantage of your adult brain’s strengths. After all, you’re not a baby—and that’s a good thing!
